These tests were developed in the uk by glanville 1947 and it is measure. Compaction factor test workability of concrete compaction factor test is designed in such a way that it can be used only in laboratory but in some cases, it can be used for field concrete tests. The final soil survey is done after the line for a project has been approved by the location and design division. The compaction factor is defined as the ratio of weight of partially compacted concrete to that of fully compacted concrete. The sample of concrete to be tested is placed in the upper hopper up to the brim. Procedure to determine workability of fresh concrete by compacting factor test. Jan 27, 2019 standard proctor test or proctor compaction test was the original test devised by an american engineer ralph r. It is more precise and sensitive than the slump test and is particularly useful for concrete mixes of very low workability and normally used when concrete is to be compacted by vibration.
Compaction factor test of concrete for low workability concrete. Nov 26, 2015 test on fresh concrete by compaction factor year 3 duration. The test first determines the maximum density achievable for the materials and uses this figure as a reference. It shall normally to be stated to the nearest second decimal place. Workability of a concrete signifies the full compaction of concrete using a required or reasonable amount of work which helps to achieve the desired possible density or void of fresh concrete resulting better strength and durable concrete structure and helpful to maintain.
Compaction factor test workability test of fresh concrete. The compaction factor test is to determine the workability of concrete. Us patented devices to measure workability of concrete in mixer 51 table 7. The simple pullout test was recommended as an alternative test to compacting factor, slump and vb consistometer tests in measuring.
To calculate the compaction factor, and to know more about workability. The trapdoor is opened so that the concrete falls into the lower hopper. May 18, 2018 this video animation, animated video explains the procedure for determination of workability by compaction factor test. This test is used to define the optimum amount of soil or aggregate that can be compacted in a unit volume when conditions require a higher level of compactive. The degree of compaction is also called the compacting factor and is measured with the help of density ratio that is the ratio of density actually achieved in the test to the density of same concrete when it is fully compacted. Compaction of soil purpose and effects of soil compaction. Slump test doesnt give accurate results for the low workability of concrete when the slump is compaction factor test is carried out to measure the degree of workability of fresh concrete with regard to the internal energy required for compacting the concrete thoroughly. Compaction tests results vary with the input compactive effort, usually measured in foot pounds per cubic foot of soil. Proctor showing that for a given compaction effort, the density of soil depends on the type of soil and moisture content. The apparatus consists of two conical hoppers having a hinged trap door attached to the lower end of each hopper, allowing the concrete sample to flow freely into the cylindrical mould. Summary of method the test consists of the following steps which are explained in the test procedure.
Compaction factor test civil engineering materials. Its maximum answer is 1 but practically it is lesser than 1. What are the main precaution that has to be taken during the both test. Standard test methods for laboratory compaction characteristics of soil using modi. There are two proctor tests that defined by the american association of highway officials and american standard testing material. Compacting factor test of concrete we civil engineers. In the compaction factor test, a given volume of concrete undergoes free fall from one hopper to the second, and then into a cylindrical container see figure 4. By using standard tamping bar, we can distribute the concrete in a uniform manner along the crosssection of the mould. Variability in slump test measurements in highway applications baker and. Compacting factor apparatus, concrete testing equipment. The relation between slump and compaction factor is roughly as follows.
The apparatus for the vebe test is shown in figure 3. Measures density of soil for comparing the degree of compaction vs specs. The line of optimum moisture contents is usually around 85% saturation and the optimum moisture content decreases with increasing compactive effort. Determine nuclear density values at each of the test sites using the. The compacting factor test is performed to find out the workability of concrete. Follow the procedure described in part 3 of this test method to establish a minimum of ten random test site locations on the test strip. Summary of concrete workability test methods research report icar 1051 sponsored by the aggregates foundation for technology, research and education. Standard proctor test procedure apparatus calculation. The compacting factor apparatus is used to determine the compaction factor of concrete with low, medium and high workability. The compaction of concrete by hand is done by using a standard tamping bar. The test methods followed were the aasho designation t180 method c, the michigan cone test, the indiana vibratory hammer method. Compaction factor test for concrete workability method. Astm d698 12e2 standard test methods for laboratory.
Oct 28, 2014 generally we specify workability of concrete in terms of its slump test value. This test differs from the procedure described in aashto t 99 in that a 10 lb. Pdf predicting the workability of fresh concrete using simple. In this test the amount of compaction obtained by spending a known amount of energy is measured.
The compaction factor of concrete is defined as the ratio of the mass of compacted concrete in compaction factor test apparatus to the mass of fully compacted concrete. For the normal range of concrete the compaction factor lies between 0. Curves showing compaction obtained at various numbers of passes for each test roller used on 1960 and 1961 projects with compaction expressed as a percent of marshall density. Compaction factor test for concrete workability method and. The compaction factor test is used for concrete which have low workability for which slump test is not suitable. Compaction factor apparatus consists of trowels, hand scoop 15. Form sm 417b is used for recording the compaction test data. Compaction of soil is the optimal moisture content at which a given soil type becomes most dense and achieve its maximum dry density by removal of air voids. According to proctor, the compaction of a soil mass is dependent on the following four major factors. The compaction factor test is carried out to measure the degree of workability of fresh concrete with regard to the internal energy required for compacting concrete thoroughly. Density test for determining the percent of maximum density.
Proctor soil compaction test procedures, tools and results. The results of the compaction factor test can be correlated to slump. The mould is fitted with detachable base plate and a 60 mm high collar. This standard has been prepared with this object in view and provides a guide to the sampling, analysis, and determination of linear changes of concrete. Methods of compaction of concreteconcrete technology. We get the results, and have a compaction factor of test discussion and conclusion.
Sampling concrete mix m15 is blended according to the specified mix design in the laboratory. The apparatus consists of a cylindrical metal mould of internal diameter 100 mm, 127. The test has typically been used in precast operations and at large construction sites. Compaction of soil process, necessity and theory of. Harper formerly assistant research engineer william w. Test strips are useful to determine which type of compactor and how many passes will be necessary to achieve the desired compaction in this example, p is pneumatic tire roller. The compaction factor test gives the behavior of fresh concrete under the action of external force. Workability of fresh concrete by compacting factor test. Compaction test of soil is carried out using proctors test to understand compaction characteristics of different soils with change in moisture content. Compaction factor test of concrete for low workability. May 06, 2016 compaction factor test slump cone test does not give good results in case of stiff or harsh concrete. Compared to the slump test, the apparatus is bulky and a balance is required to perform measurements. Compaction factor test civil engineering lab experiment. The compaction factor test is carried out to measure the degree of workability of fresh concrete with regard to the internal energy required for compacting the concrete thoroughly.
Compacting factor test is an experiment that determines the consistency of freshly mixed concrete. Comprising two conical hoppers having a hinged trap door attached to the lower end of each hopper, allowing the concrete sample to flow freely into the cylindrical mould. Two other common workability tests are the compaction factor test and the flow table test. The compacting factor test is designed primarily for use in the laboratory but it can also be used in the field.
This test is particularly useful for dryer mixes for which the slump test is not satisfactory. But sometimes it is also specified by another test called compaction factor. Concrete compacting factor test free download as powerpoint presentation. Measurement of workability the following tests are commonly used to measure workability. Interpretation of compaction factor test results as described in british road note 4 wilby 1991 7 table 6. The principal reason for compacting soil is to reduce subsequent settlement under working loads. This method addresses roundingoff of numbers from test results and calculations. Summary of concrete workability test methods the university of. Proctor test astm d155791 the proctor, or modified proctor test, determines the maximum density of a soil needed for a specific job site.
Nov 15, 2017 the compacting factor test is performed to find out the workability of concrete. Slump test and compacting factor test of fresh concrete. Relationship of compaction to expected performance of hmac 3. Under this test, the workability of concrete is found with the compaction acquired through a free fall of concrete. Workability of concrete and compaction factor test. Seay supervising field engineer research report 902f research study number 266590 sponsored by. Because the stress paths, compaction states and soil structures are greatly different, the mechanical properties of each path at.
Relative compaction is only a measure used to determine whether a specific compaction specification has been met or not. Compaction factor test is designed in such a way that it can be used only in laboratory but in some cases, it can be used for field concrete tests. Compaction factor test for concrete test for workability. Percent air voids versus number of coverages for steel and rubber rollers. Sep 11, 2017 workability of concrete is better determined by compaction factor test.
The test strip must be at least 200 m long and one traffic lane wide and be placed on subgrade representative of that on the project. The test methods used should be simple, direct and convenient in their application. Compaction factor test workability of concrete the. To determine the workability of fresh concrete of given proportions by slump test and compacting factor test. What are the standard used in slump test and compacting factor test.
An extensive laboratory test program was carried out, comprising seven methods of compaction and four materials under various moisture conditions and gradations. As water is added to a soil at low moisture content it becomes easier for the particles to move past one another during the application of the compacting. Any time the sand supplied changes or there is any. The sand calibration factor and the apparatus volume correction must be for the calibrated sand actually being used for the test. Determining the wet density determining the moisture content calculating the dry density. The standard proctor test astm d698, aashto t99, and the modified.
The report has been divided into five parts as follows. The proctor compaction test is a test that compacts the soil material at various moisture contents. To measure the workability of concrete by compaction factor test apparatus required. Slump test doesnt give accurate results for the low workability of concrete when the slump is compaction factor test used for concrete mixes of very low workability. Nov 27, 2012 the compaction factor test has been used more widely in europe than in the united states, although the overall use of the test seems to be declining.
Compaction factor moist earth 40 to 2520 very dry 0. The details included in this test method are for use with the standard proctor test. Page 3 of 7 compaction of concrete table 1 characteristics and applications of immersion vibrators diameter recommended average radius of rate of concrete of head 2frequency1 3,5amplitude action placement 4,5 mm hz mm mm m3h per vibrator application 2040 150250 0. Civil engineering animated videos, civil engineering videos social media. We know that the conditions of site and that of the laboratory are different altogether. In this test, the compaction achieved through a free fall of concrete determines its. The compaction factor test highlights the behaviour of fresh concrete under the operation of outer force. It is more precise and sensitive than the slump test. To assess the workability of concrete using compaction factor test apparatus compaction factor apparatus trowels hand scoop 15. Here, lies the importance of compaction factor test.
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